Sierra Leone is bounded on the north-west, south and north-east by the Republic Guinea, on the south-east by the Republic of Liberia and even on south-west simply by the Atlantic Water. It has a great area of 27, 925 square kilometers. The colony of Sierra Leone originated from the sale plus cession in 1787 by native chiefs to English settlers of a piece regarding land intended as being a home for African-american settlers who have been waifs working in london and even later it has been used as a settlement for liberated African slaves. The particular hinterland was reported a British Protectorate on 21st July, 1896. Sierra Leone attained independence in 27th April, 61 and became the Republic in 1971. Education is offered by both personal and state-sponsored universities. The current technique of education is definitely 6-3-4-4 (that will be six years Principal school, 3 years Youngster Secondary School, four years Senior Secondary School and 4 many years tertiary/higher education. This specific system is complemented by non- conventional education.

CONCEPT OF SCHOOLING

Education will be frequently employed in the particular sense of training in the class, laboratory, workshop or perhaps domestic science place and consists mostly in the imparting by simply the teacher, and the acquisition by simply pupils, of information and mental since well as manual skills. A larger meaning than training is that associated with schooling. Frankly most that goes on in the school as part of the pupil’s life generally there. It includes, among additional things, relationship in between pupils and professors, pupils and students both in and outside the school. M. S. Mill (1931) opined that whichever helps to form the human staying; to make the particular individual what he is or hinder him from being what he is certainly not is section of the education. Implicitly training is lifelong in addition to ubiquitous; it is the quantity total of just about all influences which move to create an individual what he is, through birth to death. It includes the property, our neighbors, plus the street among some others.

Education is to some extent a deliberate planned process devised and conducted by the mentor with all the purpose associated with imbuing the learner with certain info, skills, of thoughts and body while well as settings of behavior considered desirable. In portion it’s the learner’s individual respond to the atmosphere in which he or she lives. Education has three focal items: the individual/person upon whom the educator’s influences are introduced to bear; the society or local community to which he belongs; and the whole context involving reality within which often the individual in addition to society play their very own part. Man is certainly a social creature; he grows as being a person through typically the impact of character on personality; plus even for their basic physical requires he depends on the aid and cooperation regarding his fellow guys and women. With no society and typically the mutual support in addition to enrichment of experiences which it offers world is impossible plus the life associated with man, in Hobbes’ words, is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. inches

One of the particular fundamental facts involving human existence is usually the tension between the pull of the past and the particular forward urge straight into the future, in between stability and change, tradition and creativity. For effective lifestyle, man needs a round of security, the area of established habits and relationship which forms trustworthy relationships. This is also true regarding society. For their effective functioning right now there must be a continuity of traditions and outlook which often preserves its identification as a culture and safeguards it against the disruptive effects of change. Transformation must be for a lifetime and not static but this alter in turn must be controlled by simply the basic traditions of society. That is tradition which provides a nation it is character and distinctiveness as a community. The conservation regarding tradition therefore is usually obviously crucial.

It has been known from time immemorial that the conservation of traditional training has an important part to perform in the development of the child. The children of today are the particular adults of down the road; they must learn therefore, to get and perpetuate the particular beliefs and settings of life unusual to the particular society to which usually they belong. With regard to every society gets the desire to protect itself not only physically but as group consciously sharing specific aims, ideals and even patterns of conduct. This type regarding education is not really necessarily formal in schools by using class instruction but that effected indirectly by means of the family and even through the impact in the individual associated with social influences and even customs which the particular child cannot avoid. In احسن جامعة فى مصر and learning included elaborate services of initiation involving feats of stamina in which young adult men and women need to prove themselves worthy of the community. The particular ultimate goal was to produce somebody who was honest, respectful, experienced, cooperative, and which could adapt to the social order associated with the day. While Aristotle once mentioned “the constitution involving a state will certainly suffer if education and learning is neglected. The citizens of a new state should often be educated to match the constitution with the state. The sort of character appropriate to a constitution is the run which continues to sustain it as that is also the particular state force which usually originally created it” (p. I).

TRADITIONAL EDUCATION IN SOCIETY

Traditional education provides both an innovative and conservation function throughout society; it is just a strong means of preserving a society’s customs, if not tradition. In the past the mother nature and needs associated with society played part in determining the nature of education. Professor E. V. C. Jeffreys (1950) once published in his publication, Glaucon, that “in a tranquil modern society the academic system can usually reflect the particular social pattern, whilst social uneasiness in addition to instability create possibility for using education as an device of social change”(p. 7). A related view was discussed by John Dewey (1897) who opined that through education and learning society can make its purposes, can organize its very own means and assets and thus preserve itself with definiteness and economy inside the direction in which in turn it wishes in order to move. Education looks both towards the past and the future; inevitably it demonstrates the traditions and character of society. Traditional education may be used to prepare for alterations in society and anticipate and stop changes or the associated with changes in culture.

Traditional education sustains and hands on the customs plus ways of living which constitute the character of a community and maintains the unity. It furthermore helps society to interpret its functions in innovative ways to meet the troubles of change, looking for ways or traces of development that are consistent with the particular traditions and practices and will at the same time raise society to some more complete fulfillment of itself.
STANDARD EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS WITHIN SIERRA LEONE

History reveals that there were no official schools where young children were educated inside Pre-colonial Sierra Leone. The Poro in addition to Bondo/Sande Secret Organizations were thought about as institutions to train youngsters. They were bush schools. And the education these bush schools provided had been informal. Children which experienced these top secret societies were considered competent at carrying out there their civic tasks. They became grownups and can get married to and start lifestyle. They considered by themselves as one family. Found in other words each Secret Societies developed sense of comradeship and unity between members irrespective associated with family, clan or even ethnic affiliation. It was therefore regarded that children that had not gone through these secret societies were not completely matured.

The Poro Secret Society is usually for boys. The particular spiritual head of the Poro Society is Pa Gbonu, seen only by the older graduates or even members. The actual heads are the particular Pa Sama Yorgbors and Pa Somanos. They direct typically the activities of the company. The senior trainers are the Pa Kashis, who normally teach and give instructions to additional initiators. The Pennsylvania Manchiyas serve as teachers to the initiates while the Kachemas are the scaring spirits. They scare the particular women and children alike along with the brand new initiates. The Rakas are the errand boys carrying communications around. The Yambas are the head boys. The Bomos will be the senior prefects even though the Sayboms usually are the prefects; and the monitors will be the Gbanaboms. Informal is held in the Secret Poro Bush. The subjects trained include Creative Functional Arts, Performing Disciplines, Practical Agriculture, Medication i. e. usage of local herbs for your treatment of various ailments), warfare and other skills. Found in Creative Practical Arts initiates are educated how to help to make fishing nets, bins, mats, and making wood and soap stones into distinct objects such while animals and people; in Performing Arts initiates are taught singing, dancing and even the use regarding Poro musical musical instruments. In Practical Farming initiates practice gardening. Boys are educated to bear hardship without complaint and expand accustomed to it. Hence they may be taken to the farms of their teachers in addition to elders to work on pro vale basis. However in the course of the harvest time of year initiates could move across these farms using whatever they require and eat with out being questioned simply by farm owners. Initiates are taught in order to respect elders plus use of weapons to kill animals. In a related vein initiates are taught how in order to use guns in fighting in protection of their areas. Other skills starts are taught include making fish blocks, fishing and looking net, and basketry. Within the use involving herbs initiates pay money (some openly given) for curing various sicknesses as well as for protection against opponents, evil spirits and snake bites. Initiates who would like to cause harm to others using herbs could ‘redeem’ the herb/medicine concerned. Over all starts are taught a new new Language spoken only by people called Ke Sornor. For example fonka trika meaning I am talking to an individual; fonka bonomi that means Discuss. The work with of this fresh Language makes participants very proud plus feel different from non-initiates. Graduates take place out with brand new names such as Lamp, Langba and even Kolerr. A graduation ceremony climaxes the event.